Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day) is celebrated on 31st October to honor Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the Iron Man of India. Learn about its history, significance, celebrations, and Patel’s contribution to India’s unity in this detailed article.
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day): A Celebration of India’s Oneness
India is a country known for its incredible diversity. People in India speak different languages, follow different religions, celebrate different festivals, and have unique cultural traditions. Yet, despite all these differences, India stands united as one nation. This unity among diversity is one of the biggest strengths of India.
To celebrate this great unity and to honor the efforts of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, who played a key role in uniting India after independence, Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day) is observed every year on 31st October.
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas reminds every Indian of the importance of national integrity, peace, and harmony. It celebrates the vision and leadership of Sardar Patel, famously known as the “Iron Man of India.”
Why Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is Celebrated
The idea of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas was first introduced by the Government of India in 2014. The day is celebrated to commemorate the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, who was born on 31st October 1875 in Nadiad, Gujarat.
After India gained independence in 1947, the country was divided into more than 560 princely states. Many of these states were not willing to join the Indian Union. It was Sardar Patel’s firm determination, strong leadership, and diplomatic skills that helped in uniting these princely states into one nation — the Republic of India.
Without his efforts, India might have remained divided into many small kingdoms and territories. Therefore, Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is celebrated to honor his contribution to building a united India.
History and Background of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: The Iron Man of India
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was a great freedom fighter, lawyer, and leader. He was one of the key members of the Indian National Congress and played a major role in India’s freedom struggle. Patel worked closely with Mahatma Gandhi during several movements such as the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Civil Disobedience Movement, and the Quit India Movement.
After India gained independence, Patel became the first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of India. During this period, the biggest challenge before the government was to unite the 562 princely states that were scattered across the country.
Sardar Patel used peaceful negotiation, political wisdom, and, when necessary, firmness to convince the rulers of these princely states to join India. His leadership and vision helped integrate these states into a single political entity — modern India.
Due to his tremendous role in national integration, he earned the title of “Iron Man of India.”
Establishment of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
In 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi officially announced 31st October as Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National Unity Day) to mark Sardar Patel’s birth anniversary. The objective was to promote unity, integrity, and security among citizens and remind people of the sacrifices made to build a united India.
The first official celebration took place on 31st October 2014, which included a “Run for Unity” event organized across different cities and towns in India. Since then, every year, government institutions, schools, colleges, and organizations observe this day with enthusiasm and pride.
Objectives of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
The main goals of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas are:
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To honor Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s legacy and remember his contribution in uniting India.
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To promote national unity and integrity among citizens of all ages.
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To create awareness about India’s strength in diversity.
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To encourage youth to work towards maintaining the peace and unity of the country.
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To inspire future generations to serve the nation with honesty, patriotism, and dedication.
How Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is Celebrated
1. Run for Unity
The most popular event held on Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is the “Run for Unity.” It is organized in almost every part of India — from big cities to small villages. People from all walks of life participate in this event, including students, government employees, defense personnel, and ordinary citizens.
The Run for Unity symbolizes the common goal of national integration. It reflects the message that no matter where we come from, we all belong to one great nation — India.
2. Unity Pledge
On this day, people take the “Unity Pledge” to maintain the spirit of national integrity and harmony. The pledge goes as follows:
“I solemnly pledge that I dedicate myself to preserve the unity, integrity, and security of the nation and also strive hard to spread this message among my fellow countrymen. I take this pledge in the spirit of unification of my country which was made possible by the vision and actions of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.”
This pledge is taken in schools, offices, government departments, and community centers across the nation.
3. Cultural Programs and Exhibitions
Schools and colleges organize various cultural programs, essay writing, drawing competitions, and debates based on the theme of national unity. Students perform patriotic songs, skits, and dances that showcase India’s cultural diversity and the importance of staying united.
Government museums and institutions also organize exhibitions highlighting Sardar Patel’s life, his contributions, and the historical process of India’s integration.
4. Statue of Unity Celebrations
The Statue of Unity, located in Kevadia (now Ekta Nagar), Gujarat, plays a central role in the celebration. Standing at 182 meters, it is the world’s tallest statue, built in honor of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
Every year on 31st October, grand ceremonies, parades, and cultural programs take place at the Statue of Unity site. The Prime Minister or other senior leaders often pay floral tributes to Sardar Patel here and address the nation about the values of unity and integrity.
5. Ekta Parade and National Events
Police forces, National Cadet Corps (NCC), and other organizations organize unity parades showcasing the strength and discipline of India’s defense and police forces.
The day is also marked by speeches, documentary screenings, and seminars emphasizing the importance of working together to build a strong and peaceful nation.
Statue of Unity: A Symbol of National Pride
The Statue of Unity, inaugurated on 31st October 2018, is a magnificent tribute to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. Designed by Indian sculptor Ram V. Sutar, it stands near the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada River.
The statue represents not only Sardar Patel’s towering personality but also the unity and strength of India. It attracts millions of visitors from across the country and abroad, making it one of India’s top tourist attractions.
The surrounding area, known as Ekta Nagar, has been developed with museums, gardens, exhibition halls, and a “Unity Glow Garden” to spread Patel’s message of peace and harmony.
Significance of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
1. Honoring the Architect of United India
Sardar Patel played an extraordinary role in shaping modern India. He not only brought together different states but also built the foundation of India’s administrative and political structure. Rashtriya Ekta Diwas honors his unmatched dedication and vision.
2. Promoting National Integrity
In a diverse country like India, unity is essential for progress. Rashtriya Ekta Diwas reminds people that differences in language, culture, or religion should never divide us. It encourages citizens to see themselves as Indians first, above all regional or personal identities.
3. Inspiring the Youth
This day serves as a great inspiration for the younger generation. Through various activities and educational programs, youth learn about the sacrifices and leadership of India’s national heroes. It motivates them to contribute positively to society and work for the nation’s growth.
4. Strengthening Patriotism
Celebrating Rashtriya Ekta Diwas helps spread feelings of patriotism, pride, and belonging. It strengthens people’s connection with their nation and its rich history of unity through diversity.
Messages and Quotes on Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
Here are some inspiring quotes by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and others that reflect the spirit of unity:
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“Manpower without unity is not a strength unless it is harmonized and united properly, then it becomes a spiritual power.” — Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
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“Take to the path of Dharma — the path of truth and justice, for that is the path of our ancestors.” — Sardar Patel
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“United we stand, divided we fall.”
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“Unity in diversity is the beauty and strength of our nation.”
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“A nation’s greatness lies in its unity, not in its size or power.”
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas and India’s Unity in Diversity
India is home to more than 1.4 billion people who speak over 22 major languages and follow several religions. Yet, despite this diversity, the country functions as one democratic republic.
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas serves as a reminder that unity does not mean uniformity — it means accepting and respecting differences while working together for a shared goal.
It teaches us that the real power of India lies not in its wealth or weapons, but in its unity — the collective strength of its people.
Role of Educational Institutions
Schools, colleges, and universities play a key role in celebrating Rashtriya Ekta Diwas. Students are encouraged to participate in unity runs, essay competitions, debates, and quizzes. Teachers and speakers educate them about Sardar Patel’s life and India’s integration history.
These activities help build national awareness and make students understand that every citizen, young or old, plays a part in maintaining India’s unity.
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas and National Security
National unity also plays a vital role in ensuring the country’s security. A divided nation is vulnerable to internal and external threats. Sardar Patel believed that only a united India could stay strong and safe.
By celebrating Rashtriya Ekta Diwas, people are reminded of the importance of standing together against challenges such as terrorism, communal violence, and divisive politics.
Sardar Patel’s Vision for India
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel dreamed of a strong, united, and self-reliant India. He wanted every citizen to live in harmony, with mutual respect and shared responsibilities. His vision included:
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Strong national integration
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Peaceful coexistence of all communities
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Efficient governance and discipline
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Self-reliance and development
Even today, his ideas guide India’s path toward growth and unity.
Global Recognition
The celebration of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas has received global attention, especially after the inauguration of the Statue of Unity. The statue has become a symbol of India’s unity and progress. It reflects the message that India’s strength lies in its ability to stay united despite vast differences.
Conclusion
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is not just a day of remembrance — it is a day of inspiration. It reminds us that every Indian has a duty to preserve the unity and integrity of our nation.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s vision of a united India continues to guide us even today. His efforts laid the foundation of a strong and democratic country that celebrates its diversity as a source of strength, not division.
By celebrating this day every year on 31st October, we honor his legacy and renew our commitment to keeping India united, peaceful, and prosperous.
Let us remember the powerful message of Sardar Patel — “Our unity is our greatest strength.”
FAQ
Q1. When is Rashtriya Ekta Diwas celebrated?
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas is celebrated every year on 31st October, the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
Q2. Why is Rashtriya Ekta Diwas celebrated?
It is celebrated to honor Sardar Patel’s contribution in uniting India and to promote national unity and integrity.
Q3. What is the main event of Rashtriya Ekta Diwas?
The main event is the Run for Unity, organized across India to spread the message of harmony and oneness.
Q4. Who is known as the Iron Man of India?
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is known as the Iron Man of India for his strong leadership in uniting the country.
Q5. Where is the Statue of Unity located?
The Statue of Unity is located in Ekta Nagar (Kevadia), Gujarat, near the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the Narmada River.
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